Papers of John Adams, volume 5

To Joseph Palmer, 20 February 1777 JA Palmer, Joseph To Joseph Palmer, 20 February 1777 Adams, John Palmer, Joseph

To Joseph Palmer

Dr sir Baltimore Feb. 20. 1777

Yesterday, I had the Pleasure of yours of Jany. 28.1 I am rejoiced to hear of the Measures taken by our state to raise their Battalions and to tax an hundred Thousand Pounds. Congress have been upon the subject of regulating the Prices of Labour and Provisions. I shall inclose you, what they have done.2

Are not these mere temporary Expedients and palliative Remedies. We must aim at a radical Cure.

The success of our Cause appears to me to depend entirely, (under God,) on our Supporting the Credit of our Currency. This must be done at all Events but cannot be done long by regulating Prices. We must cease emitting. We must borrow. And We must import if possible a Fund of Gold and Silver to redeem the Bills as they become payable. Pray write me your Thoughts upon this subject. I wish I had Time to enlarge.

RC (NN:Myers Coll.); addressed: “The Hon. Joseph Palmer Esqr Braintree, Massa. Bay.”

Adams Papers; not printed above.

Enclosure not found. On 15 Feb., in response to a report from the committee appointed to consider the action of the four New England states on regulation of prices and wages, the congress urged similar conventions for the states of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, 89Maryland, and Virginia and for the states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. It proposed that the first group meet on 17 March at York, Penna., the second at Charleston on 5 May ( JCC , 7:124–125).

To John Sullivan, 22 February 1777 JA Sullivan, John To John Sullivan, 22 February 1777 Adams, John Sullivan, John

To John Sullivan

Dear Sir Baltimore Feb. 22. 1777

I had this Evening the Pleasure of your Favour of the fourteenth instant, and a great Pleasure it was, as it was an Evidence that my old Friends were beginning to recollect me. I have been So long absent that I Seemed to have lost all my Correspondents in the Army.

It would be, at all Times an obligation upon me, to hear of the Motions of the Armies, and of our prosperous or adverse Situation, of our good or ill Success.

The Account you give of the good Behaviour of our Countrymen, is very pleasing to me: but it is equally So, to hear of the good Behaviour of the Troops of any other State in the Union. It is good Behaviour, that I wish to hear of, and it is quite immaterial to me where the Officer or Man was born or where he lives, provided he behaves ill. The sordid Prejudices, which are carefully fomented, and the malicious Slanders, which are industriously propagated, I both despize and detest, if Contempt and Hatred can exist together.

In Truth, my old Friend, I wish to hear, more than I do, of the Vigilance Activity, Enterprize, and Valour of Some of our New England Generals, as well as others. What is the Army at Providence about?1 What is become of the Army at Peeks Kill, or on the White Plains?2 What Numbers have they? Are We to go on forever in this Way? Maintaining vast Armies in Idleness? And loosing the fairest Opportunity, that ever offered, of destroying an Enemy compleatly in our Power? We have no Returns of any Army. We know not, what Force is on Foot, any where. Yet We have Reason to believe that our Constituents are paying for a very great Force.

Posterity will never blame the Men. They will lay all their Censures upon the General Officers. All History has done so, and future Historians will do the Same. The General Officers, if they understand themselves, and have a Suitable Code of military Laws, will make a good Army, if you give them human Na-90ture only, to work upon. It behoves you all then to look out. I dont mean this as a Censure, but as a Stimulus. I hope to hear from you, often, and wishing you, as many Laurells as you please I remain your Friend

LbC (Adams Papers).

The occupation of Newport by the British aroused fears that they might move north to Providence on their way to attack Boston. Gov. Nicholas Cooke of Rhode Island was raising state troops at the same time as he was trying to fill his state's quota of Continental troops. He apparently wanted Washington to allow these latter to remain in the state for its protection (Washington, Writings, ed. Fitzpatrick, 7:42–44, 349–351).

When Washington fled New York, retreating through New Jersey, he left Gen. Heath with about three thousand men at Peekskill, where military stores were accumulated. In subsequent weeks detachments from this force reduced it to relatively few men, who were unable to hold off the British when they attacked and burned the magazines in March 1777. After irritating delays Gen. Charles Lee, on orders from Washington, finally had marched his forces from White Plains into New Jersey (Ward, War of the Revolution , 1:323; Freeman, Washington , 4:263–267, 274–275, 282).