I have had the Pleasure and the Honour of Several Letters from you, and one from an incomparable Satyrist of our Acquaintance, and must own myself, very faulty in neglecting So long to answer them. But you know the Infirmity of my Eyes, which Still continues and renders it very difficult for me to discharge my Debts in the literary Way. The Speculations you read every Week as you Say in the Papers, drop down from the Clouds.1 Is it not impossible that they should be written without Eyes? As to my being of the Congress, I think our Town did right in not choosing me, as they left out Thayer,2 and as Mr. Palmer is as good a Hand as they can employ, and having been 405for sometime in the Center of all their Business, in the County, Town and Province, is the best Man they have.3 Indeed I was not at the Meeting and never had been at any Meeting in this Town for Eight Years. To say the Truth I was much averse to being chosen, and shall continue so, for I am determined, if Things are Settled, to avoid public Life. I have neither Fortune, Leisure, Health nor Genius for it. Being a Man of desperate Fortune, and a Bankrupt in Business, I cannot help putting my Hand to the Pump, now the Ship is in a storm, and the Hold half full of Water. But as soon as she gets into a Calm and a Place of Safety, I must leave her. At Such a Time as this, there are many dangerous Things to be done, which nobody else will do, and therefore I cannot help attempting them—but in peacefull Times, there are always hands enough ready.

The Accounts We have from every Quarter, are agreable, upon the whole. If We are prudent, a War, will break out in England first, whatever the Sanguine Tories may hope, or the timid Whiggs dread.

Virginia has Sown her Wheat instead of Tobacco, and so many of her Planters have desisted from exporting the old Crop that the Vessells cannot get Freight. Their Men are ready, to march.

I think the Petition from Jamaica,4 and the Behaviour of the other Islands, are great Events in our favour. And on the whole, that the Measures already concerted, will as certainly ensure us success as Sun and Rain, a deep soil and strong Manure will produce you a Crop of Grass. It may take Time.

The People this Way, rather advance in Resolution, I think. I have this day attended a Town Meeting, and We have voted three Companies of Minute Men and an Association comprehending that of the Congress and all the Votes of the Provincial Congress and appointed a Committee of thirty Persons, to see it faithfully observed. We have a few rascally Jacobites and Roman Catholicks in this Town, but they dare not shew themselves.

The Lies, the Tories make and Spread to keep up the spirits of their Party, are ridiculous enough. 40,000 Russians 20 Thousand British and Irish Troops, and 16 Capital ships and a Thousand Cutters and all that.

Such Steps would produce another Revolution.

I hope to have the Pleasure of an Evening with you in your Way to Concord. Pray take a Bed here.

My most friendly Regards to a certain Lady. Tell her, that God Almighty, (I use a bold style) has intrusted her with Powers, for 406the good of the World, which, in the Course of his Providence he bestows upon very few of the human Race. That instead of being a fault to use them, it would be criminal to neglect them.

I thought myself greatly honoured, by your most polite and agreable Letter of January the thirtieth; and I ought to have answered it, immediately: but a Variety of Cares and Avocations, at this troublesome Time, which I confess are not a justification of my Negligence, as they were the real Cause of it, will with your goodness of Disposition be allowed as an Excuse.

In requesting my opinion, Madam, concerning a Point of Casuistry, you have done me great Honour, and I should think myself very happy if I could remove a Scruple from a Mind, which is so amiable that it ought not to have one upon it. Personal Reflections, when they are artfully resorted to, in order to divert the Attention from Truth, or from Arguments, which cannot be answered, are mean and unjustifiable: but We must give up the Distinction between Virtue and Vice, before We can pronounce personal Reflections, always unlawfull. Will it be Said that We must not pronounce Cataline a Conspirator, and Borgia a Rascall, least we should be guilty of casting personal Reflections? The faithfull Historian delineates Caracters truly, let the Censure fall where it will. The public is so interrested in public Characters, that they have a Right to know them, 407and it becomes the Duty of every good Citizen who happens to be acquainted with them to communicate his Knowledge.

There is no other Way of preventing the Mischief, which may be done by ill Men: no other Method of administering the Antidote to the Poison.

Christianity Madam, is so far, from discountenancing the severest Discrimination, between the good and the bad, that it assures us, of the most public and solemn one conceivable, before Angells and Men: and the Practice and Example of Prophetts, and Apostles, is Sufficient to Sanctify Satyr of the Sharpest Kind.

The Truth is, Madam, that, the best Gifts are liable to the worst Uses and Abuses, a Talent at Satyr, is commonly mixed with the choicest Powers of Genius, and it has such irresistable Charms, in the Eyes of the World, that the extravagant Praise, it never fails to extort, is apt to produce extravagant Vanity in the Satirist, and an exuberant Fondness for more Praise, untill it looses that cool Judgment, which alone can justify him.

But the lawfulness of the exercise of this briliant Talent, may be argued from it being a natural one. Nature, which does nothing in vain, bestows no mental Faculties, which are not designed to be cultivated and improved. It may also be inferred from its admirable Utility and Effects. If We look into human Nature, and run through the various Classes of Life, We shall find it is really a dread of Satyr that restrains our Species, from Exorbitances, more than Laws, human moral or divine, indeed the Efficacy of civil Punishments is derived chiefly from the same source. It is not the Pain the Fine, &c that is dreaded so much as the Infamy and Disgrace. So that really the civil Magistrate may be said in a good sense to keep the World in order, by Means of Satyrs, for Goals, Stocks, Whipping Posts and Gallows's are but different Kinds of it. But classical Satyr, such as flows so naturally and easily from the Pen of my excellent Friend had all the Efficacy, and more, in Support of Virtue and in Discountenancing of Vice, without any of the Coarseness and Indelicacy of those other Species of Satyr, the civil and political ones.

If you examine the Life and Actions of your poorest, lowest and most despised Neighbour, or the meanest servant you know, you will find, that there is Some one or more Persons, of whose Esteem and good opinion he is ambitious, and whose Scorn and Derision he dreads perhaps more than any other Evil. And this Desire of Esteem and dread of Scorn is the principle that governs his Life and Actions. Now the Business of satyr is to expose Vice And vicious Men as such 408to this scorn and to envoke Virtue, in all the Charms which fancy can paint, and by this Means to procure her Lovers and Admirers.

Of all the Genius's which have yet arisen in America, there has been none, Superiour, to one, which now shines, in this happy, this exquisite Faculty. Indeed, altho there are many which have received more industrious Cultivation I know of none, ancient or modern, which has reached the tender, the pathetic, the keen and severe, and at the same time the soft, the Sweet, the amiable, and the pure, in greater Perfection.