On 26 October 1774 the Continental Congress adjourned, and its members returned home. John Adams left Philadelphia on the 28th, arriving in Braintree probably on 9 November ( Diary and Autobiography , 2:157–160). In his passage through Massachusetts, he was informed of the actions of the Provincial Congress, which had begun meeting on 7 October in Salem, after the dismissal of the General Court by General Gage, and had moved to Concord on 11 October and to Cambridge on the 17th. It adjourned on the 29th, to reconvene on 23 November.

When the Provincial Congress reassembled in November, the Massachusetts delegates to the Continental Congress who were also members of the Provincial Congress were appointed to the Committee on the State of the Province. At the same time resolutions were passed requesting the presence of Robert Treat Paine and John Adams, not yet chosen by Braintree as one of its representatives to the Provincial Congress—an indication that he was still in Braintree, but that Samuel Adams and Thomas Cushing had arrived at the congress (Mass. Provincial Congress, Jours. , p. 49). On 28 November, Braintree added John Adams to its representation ( Braintree Town Records , p. 453), but he does not seem to have attended until at least 5 December, when the congress resolved that “John Adams, Esq. be joined to the committee on the state of the province” (Mass. Provincial Congress, Jours. , p. 58). On 2 December, Adams had been elected by the Provincial Congress to a seat in the Second Continental Congress, along with John Hancock, Thomas Cushing, Samuel Adams, and Robert Treat Paine. Their election was made official in the resolves of the congress of 5 December accepting the bill of rights, the statement of grievances, and the Association (same, p. 55, 56–58).

John Adams' first active role in the congress was probably his membership on the committee which reported on 7 December and was charged with drafting a resolve on the “taking the number of inhabitants, and the quantity of exports and imports of merchandize and of the manufactures of all kinds in this colony,” designed for the use of the delegates to the Second Continental Congress (same, p. 61). Reporting the same morning it was appointed, this committee recommended that a committee composed of a member from each county and maritime town be named for the purpose (same, p. 61–62). John Adams was not a member of this large committee, nor does his name appear again in the journal; thus, the extent to which he was active is not certain. His presence on the Committee on the State of the Province suggests that he may have had some role in the writing of two reports of that committee: an address to the inhabitants of the province, and a report on assuming civil government. Both were issued on the last day of the first congress, 10 December.

Cambridge,10 December 1774. printed: Mass. Provincial Congress, Jours. , p. 69–72. Prepared by a committee appointed 12 October, originally composed of fifteen members: John Hancock, Joseph Hawley, Joseph Warren, Samuel Dexter, Artemas Ward, James Warren, William Heath, Jeremiah Lee, Benjamin Church, Samuel Holten, Elbridge Gerry, John Tyng, Lemuel Robinson, Jedediah Foster, Nathaniel Gorham (same, p. 16–17). Eventually all four delegates from Massachusetts to the Continental Congress were added to this committee.

Although the address to the people expressed “confidence in the wisdom, justice, and goodness” of the King, it expressed fear that the future policies of the British government would bring no relief because enemies had managed “to fill the court and kingdom of Great Britain with falsehoods and calumnies” against Massachusetts. It was thought virtually certain that the impact of the measures against Britain recommended by the Continental Congress, if carefully enforced, would bring relief in time, but not without a concerted effort by the mother country to divide Americans. Meanwhile, a well supplied and disciplined militia must not be neglected if an “arbitrary ministry” was not to destroy American rights.

By order of the congress, the address was printed in the Boston newspapers (first appearing in the Boston Gazette, 12 December) and in broadside form (Evans, No. 13422).

Cambridge,10 December 1774. printed: Mass. Provincial Congress, Jours. , p. 73–74.

This, the second report on this date of the Committee on the State of 199the Province, was framed in the form of three resolutions: that the adjournment on 29 October had been necessary; but that because “powers delegated by the people for long periods have been abused to the endangering the public rights and liberties,” further adjournment was undesirable and the congress should be dissolved; that the towns and districts should elect delegates to a new congress to meet on 1 February 1775, or sooner if the delegates elected by “Charlestown, Cambridge, Brookline, Roxbury, and Dorchester, or a majority of them” thought it important to do so.

The congress ordered that printed copies of this report be sent to the committees of correspondence and that it be printed in the Boston newspapers and as a broadside (Evans, No. 13421). It appeared in the Boston Gazette, 12 December.